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Namesake
Henry Knox (July 25, 1750 – October 25, 1806) was a military officer of the Continental Army and later the United States Army, who also served as the first United
States Secretary of War from 1789 to 1794.
Born and raised in Boston, Massachusetts, he owned and operated a bookstore there, cultivating an interest in military history and joining a local artillery company. When
the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, he befriended General George Washington, and quickly rose to become the chief artillery officer of the Continental Army.
In this role he accompanied Washington on most of his campaigns, and had some involvement in many major actions of the war. He established training centers for
artillerymen and manufacturing facilities for weaponry that were valuable assets to the fledgling nation.
Following the adoption of the United States Constitution, he became President Washington's Secretary of War. In this role he oversaw the development of coastal
fortifications, worked to improve the preparedness of local militia, and oversaw the nation's military activity in the Northwest Indian War. He was formally responsible
for the nation's relationship with the Indian population in the territories it claimed, articulating a policy that established federal government supremacy over the
states in relating to Indian nations, and called for treating Indian nations as sovereign. Knox's idealistic views on the subject were frustrated by ongoing illegal
settlements and fraudulent land transfers involving Indian lands.
He retired to what is now Thomaston, Maine, in 1795, where he oversaw the rise of a business empire built on borrowed money. He died in 1806 from an infection he
contracted after swallowing a chicken bone, leaving an estate that was bankrupt/
Portrait by Gilbert Stuart, 1806 (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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